Ultrasonic Water Level Controller with 8051 Microcontroller

In our day-to-day life, we frequently use different types of sensors in various electronic appliances such as proximity sensor-mobile phone, motion sensor-automatic door operating system, temperature sensor-automatic fan speed controller, LDR sensor-automatic street light system or automatic outdoor lighting system, and so on. Similarly, to avoid the overflow of water in overhead tank or water container we can use the ultrasonic sensor based electronic circuit. This article discusses about ultrasonic water level controller using 8051.


Water Level Controller

Water level controller, the name itself indicates that an electronic device or circuit kit used for controlling the water level can be termed as a water level controller. It is difficult to know the level of water in the overhead tank such that wastage of water can happen frequently. To conserve water, avoid overflow of water in the overhead tank which may cause loss of water, loss of electrical power, etc.,. Thus, ultrasonic water level controller using 8051 microcontroller is an innovative electronics project application for controlling water level.

9-Level Overhead Water Tank Indicator

9 Level Overhead Water Tank Indicator Project by www.edgefxkits.com
9 Level Overhead Water Tank Indicator Project by www.edgefxkits.com

9-Level overhead water tank indicator project is used to display the level of water in the overhead tank using 7-segment display. The project block diagram is shown in the figure below which consists of various blocks such as a power supply block, water container, priority encoder, transistor, BCD to 7-segment decoder, 7-segment display, etc.,.

9 Level Overhead Water Tank Indicator Project Block Diagram by www.edgefxkits.com
9 Level Overhead Water Tank Indicator Project Block Diagram by www.edgefxkits.com

The sensor is placed such that the ground terminal of the sensor is kept at the tank bottom and based on the sensor signals sent to priority encoder. The encoder will generate BCD outputs which are fed to the BCD to 7-segment decoder. Thus, the 7-segment display is used to display the amount of water or water level the tank using a scale of 0 to 9. This project can be further enhanced using automatic turn on or off motor for maintaining required water level in the overhead tank.

Do you want to design a water level controller on your own at home?

In our day-to-day life we use overhead water tank, if water level controller is designed, then we can save water and electrical energy also. The water level controller block diagram is shown below figure which consists of water sensors, transistor, level indicator, battery.

Overhead Water Tank Level Indicator
Overhead Water Tank Level Indicator

The water level sensors used in this project are insulated copper cables, three water sensor cables are used for demonstrating three levels of water, such as empty, half and full levels of water in overhead tank.

Three NPN transistors and resistors are used in this project along with water level sensors for analyzing water level by switching ON the LEDs in ascending order. This project can be further enhanced for controlling the motor pump which is used to pump water to the overhead water tank, which can be termed as automatic water level controller using 8051 microcontroller.

Ultrasonic Sensor based Water Level Controller using 8051 Microcontroller

Similar to 9-level overhead water tank indicator, the ultrasonic sensor based water level controller using 8051 microcontroller project is an advanced and innovative electronics project designed for displaying water level in a tank and also control pump motor accordingly. The water level controller project block diagram is shown in the below figure.

Water Level Controller Project Block Diagram by www.edgefxkits.com
Water Level Controller Project Block Diagram by www.edgefxkits.com

As represented in the above block diagram, there are various blocks such as a power supply block, microcontroller, relay driver, LCD display, relay, lamp (for demonstration purpose lamp is used instead of a motor), etc.,.

The power supply block consists of a transformer used for stepping down the voltage from 230V to 12V AC, rectifier bridge used to rectify the voltage (convert AC voltage to DC voltage), IC 7805 voltage regulator used to maintain a constant output voltage for the circuit. This project circuit consists of microcontroller and components that require DC voltage around 5V, hence, power supply block is used for obtaining required supply to the circuit.

The project is designed for controlling the overhead tank water level by controlling the motor operation using a relay. The scale from 0 to 9 is considered for measuring and indicating the water level in the tank. The sensor ground terminal is placed at the bottom of the tank which will give signal to the microcontroller whenever the water level reaches maximum level in the tank.

Water Level Controller Project by www.edgefxkits.com
Water Level Controller Project by www.edgefxkits.com

Based on the signal received from the water level sensors, the microcontroller generates control signal for operating relay connected to the motor (here it is connected lamp instead of a motor). Thus, the relay will shut down the motor for controlling the water level in the tank. The water level can be indicated over the LCD display.

If you are interested in designing electronics projects on your own, then feel free to approach us for any further technical help by posting your ideas, suggestions, queries, comments in the comments section below.

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