Submersible Pump : Types and Applications

The first submersible pump was invented by Armais Arutunoff in the year 1928. He is an engineer in the Armenian oil delivery system. The name of the pump is submersible oil pump and this was installed in an oil field. The pump’s design was established in the year 1929 by the Pleuger Pumps. This is a device coupled with a completely airtight sealed motor to the pump. The entire assembly can be submerged within the liquid to be pushed. These pumps are mainly used for preventing the cavitations of the pump. The function of this pump is dissimilar to jet pumps because, submersible water pumps push liquid toward the surface, whereas the jet pumps pull the liquid. So these pumps are more efficient than jet pumps. This article discusses an overview of submersible pumps.

What is a Submersible Pump?

The submersible pump definition is, as the name suggests these pumps are designed because they are immersed in a well, tank, otherwise container. Submersible pump designers have designed several general types of pumps to make them appropriate for immersion. The submersible pumps motors are enclosed within compartments which are filled with oil that don’t have contact by the material they are pushing. The submersible pump diagram is shown below.

Types of Submersible Pumps

There are different types of submersible pumps used in wells, tanks, etc. The pumps which are used in wells are discussed below.

Deep Well Pumps

The deep well pumps are extensively used submersible pumps. These pumps can also be used for municipal. The body of these pumps can be linked to the motor for running underwater. The impact plan makes it simple to be fixed and refurbished. When these pumps start working then they need to immerse into the water completely. The light acidic or fresh water can be frequently transferred.

Stainless Steel Pumps

Stainless steel pumps look better than cast iron pumps. They cover with stainless steel completely, and they have highly acidic resistance. In this kind of pumps, warm water otherwise light acidic water frequently moved. The water source like well can be protected by its unique cast to a huge amount, as well as fresh water can also move frequently. The entire pump can be immersed in the water while working.

Bottom Suction Pumps

Bottom suction pumps are extensively used for lake, mining dewatering, pool, and river. They are designed with a guide sleeve under the pump. These pumps use the water from base & efficiently assurance high-quality cooling feature of electric motor. These types of pumps are expedition & emergency pumps. The installation of these pumps is easy evaluated with other types of pumps, and they have a tall head.

Oil Filled Pumps

Oil filled submersible pumps utilize oil filled immersion motors. These pumps are extensively used in water lifting in wells, irrigation of farmland, hill, residential as well as industrial water supply drainage system, mountain regions water supply, etc. Oil needs to be filled for cooling the heated motors. These can be used in cool areas because oil cannot be frozen. Fitting & refurbish of these are very simple as well as handy. These pumps move the clean water like the lake, pool or river water.

Water Cooler Pumps

Water cooler submersible pumps are usually used in the fields like industrial, farmland irrigation, residential water utilize, etc. They can also be used underwater similar to oil full pumps. A motor namely water cooler submersible can be fixed for operating beneath the water. Freshwater can be filled in for cooling the excited motor. These pumps are applicable where the high quality of water is used.

Mixed and Axial Flow Pumps

Mixed and Axial flow pumps are extensively used in drainage, river drainage, sewerage drainage, water cure in the pump station, and dirt disposal overflow control. Huge flow & non-clog act improved the constant working state. The life of pipes from leaking can be prolonged by the triple seal system.

Selection of Submersible Pump

The selection of submersible pump can be done based on several specifications. Choosing the first and leading submersible pumps mainly depends on type, application, and after that, the utmost flow of discharge must be decided. The maximum flow of submersible pumps can be decided by the pressure head of the pump.

This related to the maximum amount of force the pump can hold. These pumps are estimated in horsepower. It is a work generated at a speed 550 foot-pounds for every sec, and equivalent to 745.7 watts of energy. Lastly, the size of the discharge must be estimated. This calculated value has an orientation toward the exit links of submersible pumps.

Advantages & Disadvantages

The advantages of submersible pump include the following.

• This pump never has to be primed
• These pumps are also very efficient
• The pressure of water drives the water into a pump, therefore conserving a lot of the energy.
• These pumps handle solids as well as liquids.
• These pumps are quiet in the water

The disadvantages of submersible pump include the following.

• If a gasket of the pump loses its integrity then causes the leak from the pump to leak, ultimately the internal parts will damage.
• The pump failure cannot notice quickly because it is submerged in water.
• The cost of these pumps high when compare with non-submersible pumps.
• One pump does not use for all uses where single stage pumps are used in the applications like light manufacturing pumping, and home which includes sewage pumping, sump pumps in drainage, and aquarium filters.
• Several stage pumps are utilized for wells, like or water.

Applications of Submersible Pump

The applications of submersible pump include the following.

• These pumps are used in irrigation, drinking water supply, oil production, and dewatering.
• These pumps operate in pits, sumps, wet wells, otherwise, generally basins are used for pumping the wastewater that leaks into homes as well as other buildings, ground, and gear drain within a building,
• This type of pump is also utilized in pools & plants.

Thus, this is all about the submersible pump working principle. Generally, these pumps operate across different ranges. The range of flow rate is 20 Lpm to 28,000 Lpm, the range of total head is from 0.4 Bar to 6 Bar, and the range of horsepower is 1 hp to 250 hp. Here is a question for you, what is submersible pump efficiency?