Rfid and Arduino based Automatic Door Lock System

The Basic necessity of security can be attained by designing various door locks such as mechanical locks or electrical locks. These kind of door locks are designed with one or more keys, but for locking a large area various locks are needed. Generally, traditional locks are heavy and that are not strong as they can damage simply by using some tools. Electronic locks are better over mechanical locks, to resolve the security problems that are connected with the mechanical locks. In recent days every device uses digital technology. For example, identification of digital device using token, door lock system using digital technology, automatic door opening and closing, automatic door lock systems, etc. These kind of systems is used for controlling the movement of a door without using a key.

Automatic Door Lock System

The proposed system uses an Arduino board and RFID readers

RFID Reader

The RFID reader is a wireless device used to transfer data for recognizing and tracking tags connected to objects. The tag includes electronically stored information. Some kind of tags is run by electromagnetic induction from magnetic fields formed near the reader. RFID reader includes an RF module and it acts as a both TX and RX of radio frequency signals. The transmitter of this module contains an oscillator to make the carrier frequency. A modulator to intrude data commands upon this carrier s/L and an amplifier to increase the signal enough to wake the tag. The receiver of this module includes a demodulator to extract the reverted information and also holds an amplifier to support the signal for processing. A microprocessor is used to form the control unit, which employs an OS and memory of this module filter and stores the information.

Arduino UNO

Arduino is a microcontroller board based on the Atmega family. It consist of 14 digital I/O pins. An Arduino board includes 6 analog i/ps, a USB, a reset button, an ICSP header a 16 Hz quartz crystal, and a power jack. It covers everything desired to support the microcontroller. It is simply connected to a computer with a USB cable.

RFID based Automatic Door Lock System Using an Arduino

Interfacing of RFID with Arduino can be done by the following steps

The necessity of power supply for RFID readers varies from one product to another. There are many RFID readers are available in the market with 5v, 9v and 12v. But, here a 12v RFID reader is used for an interfacing. You may confirm the RFID reader and RFID tags are frequency compatible

RFID gives mainly two possible outputs, one is TTL compatible o/p and another one is RS232 compatible o/p. A TTL compatible o/p pin can be connected to an Arduino board directly. While the output pin of an RS232 compatible must be changed to TTL using an RS232 to TTL converter

The automatic door lock system circuit diagram using an Arduino is shown below. This circuit is mainly used for an interfacing of RFID reader with an Arduino. This project can be enhanced by connecting an LCD display to display the outputs. The circuit of this project uses three separate parts, namely a reader, a controller and door lock. Where a reader reads the RFID tags, a controller is used to accept the data from the RFID reader and control the o/p of the door lock and RGB LED.

When the door lock is placed on a door and tested with a battery to check the installation. In many cases we need a simple circuit on the door lock, that means the automatic door stops locked when there is no flow of current. When 12 volts DC is supplied through the electromagnet in the door lock system, a plate in the door lock offers a way to permit the door to be pushed open easily.

The RFID reader is placed on the outside of the door and it is detached from the controller confidentially so no one can avoid the security by breaking open the RFID reader and trying to short circuit the reader. The controller of this project receives serial information from the RFID reader and controls the Door lock and the LED.

So, finally we can conclude that, when the person swipes with right RFID tag, then the access control system will be will be granted. In the same way, when the person swipes with an unauthorized RFID card, then the data will not be loaded and access will be denied.

Thus, this is all about RFID reader, an Arduino board, interfacing of RFID reader with Arduino, RFID based Automatic Door Lock System with Arduino Uno, circuit diagram of Automatic Door Lock System and working. We hope that you have got a better understanding of this concept. Furthermore, any doubts regarding this concept or password based door locking system, please give your valuable suggestions by commenting in the comment section below.Here is a question for you, what are the applications of RFID reader.

Photo Credits:

• RFID Reader mikroe
• Arduino Uno jimhung