Nanotechnology Applications : Advantages and Disadvantages

The father of Nanotechnology is Heinrich Rohrer. He was born on 6^th June 1933 and died on 16^th May 2013 in Switzerland. He is an employer in IBM and he got a Nobel prize in Physics. Some of the nanoparticles manufacturer companies are Adnano Technologies Private Limited in Majjigenahalli, Advanced Nanotech Lab in Maharashtra, Auto Fiber craft in Jharkhand, etc. The term has two parts Nano and Technology. The word Nano means a very small in size and everyone knows what a millimeter is if we cut down a millimeter into thousand equal parts one part of them is called a micrometer.  If we cut the micrometer further down into thousand equal parts one part of them is called nanometer. Technology is a strategy or process developed by science for the betterment of our life. A brief explanation of nanotechnology applications is discussed below.

What is Nanotechnology?

Definition: The word Nano means very small and the size of Nanometer that is 1nm = 10^-9m which is about 100,000 times smaller than the human hair. The making new things at this incredibly small scale is called nanotechnology and it is one of the most exciting and fast-moving technology in today’s world. Some nanomaterials have naturally occurred that we can found in everywhere, for example in volcano ashes, in oceans, in the dust, etc. Some of the naturally occurring nanostructures are also present in plants and animals.

Now a day’s scientists can also create nanostructures themselves by rearranging the atoms of an object. Those objects can make new nanomaterials with new properties. These properties also change according to science and this is the magic of nanotechnology. Some of the nanoparticle manufacturer companies in India are Mittal Enterprises in Hyderabad, Nano Orbital Private limited in Hyderabad, Nano Span Private Limited, etc.

Types of Nanotechnology Applications

There are different types of nanotechnologies they are shown in the below figure

Nano Electronics

There are two disadvantages in microelectronics they are physical size and cost of the fabrication of IC’s (Integrated Circuits) high. In order to overcome these disadvantages nanotechnology is used. The Nanoelectronics nothing but the smaller size transistor devices.

Advantages of using Nanotechnology in Electronics

The advantages of Nanoelectronics are shown below

• Memory chips density increases
• Weight decreases
• In the process of chips fabrication nanolithography is used
• In integrated circuits, transistors size decreases or reduces
• Electronic devices display screens improved
• Power consumption reduced

Nanotechnology Applications in Nanoelectronics

The applications of Nanoelectronics are shown below

• Computers
• Memory storage
• Novel optoelectronic devices
• Displays
• Quantum computers
• Radios
• Energy production
• Medical diagnostics

Nano Medicines

The main aim of nanotechnology in Nanomedicine is to monitor and improve the biological systems of all human beings working from the molecular level. An Abraxane is the one type of Nanomedicine in nanotechnology. Another name of Abraxane is Paclitaxel, it is used for the treatment of breast cancer and pancreatic cancer and also in the treatment of lungs. Some of the Nanomedicine products are shown in the below table.

Nanotechnology Applications in Nanomedicine

The Nanotechnology applications in Nanomedicine are shown below

• Medicine
• Heart disease
• Drug delivery
• Diagnostic techniques
• Diabetes
• Kidney disease
• Wound treatment
• Anti-bacterial treatment
• Cell repair
• Resources
• Company directory

 Nanomedicine Advantages

The advantages of Nanomedicine are shown below

• Side effects will be less
• High efficiency
• Detection of diseases is easy and fast
• Diseases can be easily cured
• No surgery is required

Nano Biotechnology

There are two types of nanotechnology applications in Nanobiotechnology they are therapeutic application and diagnostic application.

Therapeutic Applications of Nano Biotechnology

The therapeutic applications of nano-biotechnology are shown below

• Drug delivery
• Gene delivery
• Liposomes
• Surfaces
• Biomolecular engineering
• Biopharmaceuticals
• Nanotechnology in cardiac therapy
• Nanotechnology in dental care
• Nanotechnology in orthopedic applications

Diagnostic applications of Nano Biotechnology

The diagnostic applications of nano-biotechnology are shown below

• Detection
• Individual target probes
• Protein chips
• Sparse cell detection
• Nanotechnology as a tool in imaging

Nanotechnology Applications in Ware Fare

It is one type of branch or field in nanoscience. In this branch, molecular systems are designed, produced and created to fit a nanoscale. The choking agents, vesicants, in-capacitance, nerve agents and blood agents are the type of chemical ware fare agents.

Applications of Nanotechnology in Ware Fare

The nanotechnology applications in the ware fare are shown below

• Small robot machines
• Hyper reactive explosives
• Electromagnetic super materials
• Biomolecular motors
• Quantum dots for sensors
• Gold nanocluster based sensors and electronics
• Carbon nanotubes and nanowires for nanoelectronics
• Polymeric and non-structured materials for biological and chemical sensors
• Energy-absorbing nanomaterials

Nano Energies

The nano energies are one type of nanotechnology. It is one of the important subfield related to energies in the nanotechnology is nanofabrication. The nanofabrication is defined as a process, which is used to create and design a new device on the nanoscale.

Nanotechnology Applications in Nano Energies

The applications of nanotechnology in nano energies are shown below

Hydrogen Energy

It is a future economy in which energy is stored in the form of hydrogen for mobile applications and this process of energy storage is efficient. The hydrogen can be stored in materials in the form of two ways they are absorption of hydrogen within the material and another one is storing the hydrogen in a container. In the hydrogen-fueled cars and trucks, the problem related to the storage is solved by single-walled CNT’s.

Fuel Cells

The limitations of fuel cells in an electrochemical reaction, the fuel is directly converted into electricity. The fuel cells use expensive materials for electrode catalysts and the material used in the electrode is platinum.

Photovoltaic Solar Cells

In photovoltaic solar cells, the electricity is generated directly from sunlight by two types they are: single-crystal silicon and dye-sensitized (nano). The single-crystal silicon is expensive to manufacture and the efficiency is less and the dye-sensitized (nano) is inexpensive to manufacture and the efficiency is high.

Plastic Solar Cells

Plastic solar cells convert solar power into electrical energy. The disadvantages of plastic solar cells are less efficient, only bluish light of sunlight is converted, less bandgap energy, in heat form extra energy will waste and manufacture cost is high.

Nanomaterials for Batteries

The nanomaterials for batteries are electrodes and electrolytes.

Advantages of Nano Energy

The advantages of Nano Energy are shown below

• Lighting and heating efficiency is increased in the design of the product
• Electrical storage capacity increases
• Amount of pollution is decreases

Nanotechnology Applications in Nano Industries

There are various nano industries in nanotechnology they are the Food industry, Agriculture industry, Oil and Gas industry, Consumer industry, Aerospace industry, Chemical industry, Construction industry, and Electronics industry.

Various Areas of Nano Industries

The various areas of nano industry in nanotechnology are shown below

Food Industry Applications

The main application areas of nanotechnology techniques in food are Changing food characteristics, Food packaging, Food Protection, and Food processing

Agriculture Industry Applications

The main application areas of nanotechnology techniques in the agriculture industry are Precision farming and Nano delivery systems

Oil and Gas Industry Applications

The main application areas of nanotechnology techniques in the oil and gas industry are Sensors, Coating, Nanometers, Nanofluid and nanomaterials for drilling and completion, etc.

Consumer Industry Applications

The main application areas of nanotechnology techniques in the consumer industry are Surfaces and coatings, Textiles, Cosmetics, Sports, etc.

Aerospace Industry Applications

The main application areas of nanotechnology techniques in the aerospace industry are Nanostructured metals polymer nano components, Tribological and anti-corrosion coatings, Polymer nano components, etc.

Construction Industry Applications

The main application areas of nanotechnology techniques in the construction industry are Cement, Steel, and Glass.

Advantages

The advantages of the Nanotechnology are

• Durable
• Lightweight
• Stronger
• Cheaper
• Precise
• More efficient
• Devices are very small in size
• Faster
• Uses smaller batteries

Disadvantages

The disadvantages of the Nanotechnology are

• Cost is more
• Employment reduces
• Market crashes
• Nanotech Equipment installation cost is high

Thus, this is all about different types of nanotechnology applications, advantages and disadvantages are discussed. Here is a question for you, total how many Nano products manufacturing companies are there in Hyderabad?